But case 2 deserves a better answer after all anti-matter is not cheap and they are always out of stock at Home Depot. Still a big bang. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. The term "TNT equivalence" is a normalization technique for equating properties of an explosive to TNT, the standard. Use MathJax to format equations. Such weapons would easy eclipse nuclear weapons in power, e.g., 1 gram of antimatter would equal 23 space shuttle fuel tanks of energy. Matter-antimatter annihilation from a hypothetical macroscopic explosion would produce the same particles as proton-antiproton annihilation in microscopic quantities in accelerator experiments. Of course, getting even a milligram of antimatter is going to be tou. Generating points along line with specifying the origin of point generation in QGIS. Find out more about shock waves in our oblique shock calculator and Prandtl Meyer expansion calculator. Total solar output in all directions per day. The TNT explosion radius becomes: In case of ranges where the public access is denied, the blast radius becomes: Energy from different sources This international scientific institution in Switzerland is home to the Large Hadron Collider, and it regularly exposes the hidden particles that make up our universe. All I've ever read is science fiction, and they seem to be wildly wildly different in how dangerous Antimatter actually is. The solar irradiance on Earth every second. What if I had a gram? The antimatter we produce collides with matter and gets annihilated without us even noticing. So to kill all humans you need 406,900 kg of antimatter. Divide the energy put out by this annihilation and we get $\Delta K = 14000$. It only takes a minute to sign up. Convert that into mass using $E=mc^2$ and we get $8.13710^6 kg$ divide by 2 because half that mass is coming from regular matter and we have $4.06910^6 kg$. TNT equivalent is a convention for expressing energy, typically used to describe the energy released in an explosion. 2 kg of $E=mc^2 = 1.79 \times 10^{17} J$. What does 'They're at four. Answer (1 of 6): Let's assume a gram of antihydrogen, which would release about 2 GeV per annihilation. Where can I find a clear diagram of the SPECK algorithm? Gas-expansion and pressure-change effects tend to "freeze" the burn rapidly. Some humans would probably survive this, though. Would it be imperceptible? The question you linked is about the different ways to destroy a planet, not about the amount of antimatter needed to perform the 3 tasks in my question. This would cause the entire Earth to explode and break into thousands of pieces. But say I had 1 Antimatter Electron, and I just opened a container in a room, what would happen? This service may include material from Agence France-Presse (AFP), APTN, Reuters, AAP, CNN and the BBC World Service which is copyright and cannot be reproduced. "You need 2,000 times more energy to make [anti-protons]," he says. [1], The paramount advantage of such a theoretical weapon is that antimatter and matter collisions result in the entire sum of their mass energy equivalent being released as energy, which is at least two orders of magnitude greater than the energy release of the most efficient fusion weapons (100% vs 0.4-1%). The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? If those are still fairly small numbers, how big would the Enterprise D exploding really be? NASA - New and Improved Antimatter Spaceship for Mars Missions It basically all reacts at once release an enormous amount if IR -- enough to melt any rock within sight -- followed by a blast wave. But even this is insanely expensive for only one bullet. "We make such minute quantities that even if you were to destroy all the antimatter that we're making in the course of a year, it wouldn't be even enough to boil a cup of tea.". Take a proton (a charged subatomic particle) 2. Still a single bomb, it destroys the earth and you have plenty of time for popcorn while you wait. The solar irradiance of the Sun every 12 hours. ", "Beirut Blast: How does yield of 2,750 tonnes of ammonium nitrate compare against Halifax explosion, Hiroshima bombing? TNT Calculator - IME Con: You need a lotta bombs. The antimatter bomb is something any country rich enough could potentially make but its so expensive no country has put in the effort. It's also likely the most explosive substance on the planet. Antimatter weapons would be the most destructive and powerful in human history, so why dont they exist? You can also convert entire earth into energy but you have to look for antimatter earth to do it. You could probably reduce your targets from 7 B to a few dozen by targeting, say, the leaders of a few large nations or the microprocessors in their early-warning systems, and let the ensuing nuclear strikes and counter-strikes do the rest. achieving the specified result. How much energy is released? - Worldbuilding Stack Exchange Bill Gates couldnt afford more than one millionth of a gram. The table below should be taken as an example and not as a precise source of data. How much antimatter would we need in order to wipe out all humans The team can create thousands of antihydrogen atoms in only a second but the trap barely catches any. However small scale antimatter weapons are much more affordable, as I mentioned earlier you can create a bullet with a 10 millionth of a gram of antimatter in it for only $600,000. The pressure decays exponentially over time and has positive and negative (suction) phases. A 10kg antimatter bomb would cause a gigantic 230 megaton explosion. With about 100,000 ships out there, that's a lot of survivors. $3.6567*10^{18}kJ*K^{-1} * 200K=7.31310^{20} kJ$. This sounds like a good thing at first, but it just means that antimatter weapons could be seen as more politically acceptable, and therefore more likely to be used in warfare. There is no antimatter left in the Universe from the Big Bangthat we're aware of, he says. So in this Big Bang scenario, particles and antiparticles would have been coming into existence and then annihilating one another in equal measure. physics - Would one atom of antimatter be lethal if annihilated inside The Tsar Bomba is the worlds most powerful nuclear weapon it was developed by Russia and has the explosive force of all the explosives that went off during world war two times 10. Why 1.810 14 joules? To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. The shock wave is usually spherical or hemispherical in shape. But I don't know how to calculate that. Matter and antimatter particles annihilate one another whenever they come into contact! Now that you know how to calculate blast radius, you can use the calculator to estimate safety distances. It seems like 2, 200kg antimatter bombs, in short succession, dropped into the Yellowstone Caldera would be fairly certain to ignite a life ending volcanic eruption saving a trillion tons of antimatter, more or less. To study antimatter, you must prevent it from being annihilated . This makes it incredibly hard to store antimatter. Professor Doser and his colleagues need anti-protons. And the final is that it might help us solve a fairly enormous cosmic conundrum: why the material universe exists. 3.5 nanograms of antimatter would equal the amount of explosive in an average hand grenade with about an effective 15m blast/shrapnel radius. And based on what we know about this terrifying-sounding substance, the Universe probably shouldn't exist at all. By converting all their mass into energy, you're getting more bang for your buck with an antimatter explosion. But in Star Trek Generations, the Enterprise D is destroyed (or at least the Star Drive Section) in a massive explosion when they lose antimatter containment, and it has 3,000 m of antimatter storage. Actually, its even worse than that, because matter and antimatter particles annihilate one another whenever they come into contact! (Note that this is not creation out of nothing, but rather the conversion of pre-existing energy into matter.) Similarly, you can estimate the blast radius for c4 explosives too. In other words, antimatter planets, antimatter stars or antimatter galaxies could be a thing. It actually produces one about every one hour and fifteen minutes. So it depends on how much anti-matter you have. On the subatomic level, this energy is manageable, but if one were to combine a gram of antimatter with a gram of matter, the result is an energy release comparable to the atomic explosion at . A much smaller amount embedded near the heart could of course kill you but the grenade-sized amount insures fairly well you won't survive--particularly if it is applied all at once directly to the body. At least a trillion tons, probably an order of magnitude or so more when you account for noncentral location and dissipation loss. What Is Antimatter? | Wonderopolis A minor scale definition: am I missing something? For that you can recreate the meteor that made the dinosaurs extinct (100 trillion tons of TNT) with about two tons of antimatter in one spot. But that would miss all the boats, planes and submarines crowding their primitive buoyancy based transportation lanes. A Tsar Bomb? From some rough calculations with 10g of anti hydrogen, I came out at roughly a gigatonne of TNT's worth of energy - 1.2x10^22J. Antimatter: how the world's most expensive and explosive - ABC 1 gram of TNT = 700 calories = 700*4.1868 joules. Michael Doser who works in the only factory making it describes thisreaction as "probably the most violent process you can think of because the full mass of the object disappears and transforms into energy". By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform. There's no way $10^{32} / 10^{17} = 10^{27}$, much less $10^{32} \times 10^{17} = 10^{27}$, no matter where you place any 1.72 multiplicative factor. In other words, for each gram of TNT exploded, 4.184kilojoules (or 4,184 joules) of energy are released. Particles of both antimatter and matter were created. Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. But other than this probably being impossible, it may just start the race for the antimatter bomb. The explosive energy of a quantity of TNT of the. - Georg Patscheider Nov 30, 2018 at 14:03 . Though one of the answer does say that we would need 1.3 trillion tonnes of antimatter to blow up the Earth. Photons are bundles of electromagnetic energy. "One particle is left over out of a billion, and this one particle out of a billion is everything we see in the Universe. Calculating a single RE factor for an explosive is, however, impossible. A typical blast wave has a high-pressure jump, which denotes the wavefront. Did the Golden Gate Bridge 'flatten' under the weight of 300,000 people in 1987? Another way of weaponising antimatter is to use it to power spaceships which could potentially be used for warfare. I definitely think #1 is overkill in his answer though. Antimatter is actually produce by all sorts of things, for instance bananas produce antimatter. What would happen if we detonated an antimatter bomb on Earth? How many thermonuclear bombs needed to make a hole from the surface to the Mantle of a planet that is the same size as planet Earth? Current technology only allows us to store small amounts of antimatter in each Penning trap. Remove a chunk from a planet? Something less than 7g to kill every human. Or would it be similar to a Fat Man Bomb? barrels of oil. However for only $600,000 you could fit a 10 millionth of a gram of antimatter into a snipers bullet. Its easy to see why secularists, desperate to explain their existence apart from a Creator, would cling to such fantastic notions. That's5 thousand trillion euros. If the Big Bang led to equal parts matter and antimatter forming, these probably would have then bumped into each other, obliterated one another, and then presumably exploded again. Those made at CERN amount to about 1 nanogram. religious interview questions and answers sharleen spiteri ashley heath . You'll need a fair bit of antimatter, um, let's see 1 Mt is $4.1\times10^{15} J$ so the Tsar Bomba (in the tested config) at $42MT = 1.72 \times10^{17} J$ [5], Antimatter-catalyzed nuclear pulse propulsion proposes the use of antimatter as a "trigger"[6] to initiate small nuclear explosions; the explosions provide thrust to a spacecraft. There is such a thing as an antimatter trap. What's happening is that the heat produce by the initial reaction with the surface of the chunk of sodium boils the water around it and drastically slows down the reaction. These complications have been sidestepped by convention. Comparing with nuclear weapons, this is about 50 kton TNT. MathJax reference. You can crash 10km sized asteroids into it, and there'll still be some survivors to whine about the injustice of it all. rev2023.5.1.43405. Small TNT explosions, especially in the open, don't tend to burn the carbon-particle and hydrocarbon products of the explosion. Antimatter Fuel - Atomic Rockets Now, if we were sloppy, we would just pepper the land area of $148,300,000 km^2$, so about 1,236 MIEVs (Multiple Independently Targetable Entry Vehicles) with 100 2kg warheads each would do. Worldbuilding Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for writers/artists using science, geography and culture to construct imaginary worlds and settings. The cost of creating antimatter like this makes it the world's most expensive substance. Which was the first Sci-Fi story to predict obnoxious "robo calls"? The problem lies in the efficiency and cost of antimatter production and storage.